White-tailed Deer: How do they Survive Michigan Winters?

Americorps • January 31, 2024

White-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ) are considered to be one of the most popular game species in Michigan, and for good reason. Nothing beats the adrenaline rush when a big buck walks out in front of your hunting spot. During this time of year, deer are well adapted to survive the cold and snow, but why are some years worse than others in terms of deer mortality? Read on to find out how deer survive our Michigan winters, and what they need to ensure they make it to next fall.

Winter is the most critical time of year for white-tailed deer because food sources can become scarce, and food availability determines body condition, winter survival, and reproduction. Many farmers have already cut down their corn fields in the fall, and corn provides a good source of digestible energy for deer. So what do deer eat instead of corn? The majority of their diet in winter consists of woody browse, branches, buds, and leaves. Deer prefer certain tree and shrub species if they are available, like white pine, white cedar, red maple, yellow birch, dogwood, and sumac. Other species that deer will browse include aspen, oaks, jack pine, ash, and witch hazel. If nothing is available and deer are in a “starvation” mode, they will consume conifers such as spruce, red pine, and balsam fir.

Winter can also be detrimental to white-tailed deer due to a lack of thermal cover. Thermal cover is important because it protects from the elements; wind, cold, and snow. Cover can be found in hardwood and conifer swamps, brushy areas, and dense switchgrass or pines. Mature conifers and hemlock trees are especially important because they provide dense canopies, which can help slow the strong winds the deer might experience. As a general rule, deer will stay close to thermal cover in the winter and don’t like to travel far to find food sources. Their insulating fur coat and fat reserves also help conserve body heat when the temperatures drop.

Recent Posts

March 2025 NRC Recap

By Justin Tomei • March 13, 2025
March 2025 NRC Recap

Leaping into World Frog Day: Blanchard's Cricket Frog

By Olivia Triltsch • March 13, 2025
Blanchard’s cricket frog plays both roles of predator and prey within the ecosystem, influencing other species populations from both sides.

MUCC Celebrates Conservation Leaders at 2025 Annual Awards Banquet

By Tyler Mehigh • March 11, 2025
Michigan United Conservation Clubs (MUCC) proudly honored outstanding individuals and organizations for their dedication to preserving Michigan’s natural resources at the 2025 Conservation Awards Banquet. The annual event recognizes those who have demonstrated exceptional leadership, advocacy, and service to conservation. Ron Olson – 50 Years of Service to Conservation Award With a remarkable career spanning five decades, Ron Olson has made a lasting impact on Michigan’s parks and outdoor recreation. As Chief of the Parks and Recreation Division for the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Olson expanded the state park system, enhanced trail programs, and secured significant funding for infrastructure improvements. His leadership has shaped the future of Michigan’s outdoor spaces for generations to come. Ron Burris – President’s Award A dedicated leader within MUCC, Ron Burris played a pivotal role in restructuring the organization’s governance, ensuring a more effective policy and executive board structure. His efforts in promoting conservation education, community engagement, and safety initiatives—such as increasing AED availability in clubs—have strengthened MUCC’s impact across Michigan. Senator Sam Singh & Representative Graham Filler – Conservation Legislators of the Year Recognized for their bipartisan leadership in securing $1.9 million in funding for the Elsie Dam removal, Senator Singh and Representative Filler have demonstrated a commitment to conservation and ecological restoration. Their advocacy ensures the protection of Michigan’s waterways, fish habitats, and public safety. Grand Valley Cap N Ballers – Affiliate of the Year With a long-standing tradition of promoting historical shooting sports and conservation, Grand Valley Cap N Ballers (GVCNB) has been a key supporter of MUCC’s mission. Hosting major regional events and fundraisers, GVCNB has played a crucial role in supporting MUCC’s conservation efforts while preserving Michigan’s outdoor heritage. Mike Avery – Conservation Communicator of the Year A leading voice in outdoor media, Mike Avery has dedicated his career to educating and inspiring Michigan’s outdoor enthusiasts through his popular radio show and podcast, Mike Avery’s Outdoor Magazine. By spotlighting conservation leaders and critical environmental issues, Avery has significantly contributed to public awareness and advocacy for Michigan’s natural resources. MUCC extends its heartfelt congratulations to all award recipients for their outstanding contributions to conservation. Their dedication ensures that Michigan’s natural heritage remains protected for future generations. For more information on MUCC’s conservation efforts, visit mucc.org .
More Posts
Share by: